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Archive for April, 2009

I picked up a book in a charity shop the other day (I’m a cheapskate!) and I’d wholeheartedly recommend it to anyone interested in the same sort of things as me.

The book is Simon King’s Wildguide, published by the BBC in 1994.  This is the same Simon King off the TV, the star of Springwatch and similar.

Now I’m not as a rule impressed by people just because they’re celebrities, and normally I stay clear of TV tie-in books as they are usually nice and glossy but light on content, but this one really is excellent.  It is basically a practical guide to observing, photographing and filming British Wildlife.  It’s packed full of useful information, from how to camouflage yourself with mud (and why you shouldn’t go to the shops afterwards) to equipment and techniques.

The book covers a wide range of species, from mammals to birds, with details of how to find, track and watch them.  All of these are brought to life with refreshingly honest stories and examples.

You can get it from Amazon at an exorbitant price, or check out your local library, but it’s worth the effort to track down a copy if you can get it at a decent price.  It’s certainly earned a place on my crowded bookshelves.

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It’s been a day of firsts.  I heard my first cuckoo of the year today and I also saw my first swallow.  I know that one swallow doesn’t make a summer, but it’s been a glorious day.  Everything is green and growing, and the air has that beautiful, lush foliage smell of early summer.

I went up to the wood in the evening, but the badgers were in a jittery mood.  The wind plays funny tricks on warm days, often changing direction around dusk.  The sett is on a hillside, and on warm, still days there tends to be a slight breeze uphill as the warm air rises.  As the sun goes down the colder air starts to sink and the wind direction reverses.  I think this happened tonight and the badgers picked up my scent.

badger1One of the adults came out of the west entrance a few minutes before 8.00pm and gathered bedding, but it did not hang around.  At 8.15 another pair came out of the eastern entrance and gathered more bedding.  The undergrowth in the wood is getting quite lush, and the badgers are taking advantage of it.  It is thought by some people that badgers deliberately gather green bedding as this ‘ferments’ in the sett and gives off warmth.

The badgers were on edge though.  They would pause every now and then and sniff the air.  I called it a night at 8.30, not wanting to cause them any disturbance.  It is still a bit dark at this time for decent photographs, but I snapped a quick shot anyway.

I’ll be back soon, and hopefully the cubs will be out too.

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I’ve been asked the question a few times when I’m wandering about the countryside.  It’s a reasonable conclusion for people to make.  The green jumper and binoculars must be a dead giveaway.  The truth is, I’m not really a birdwatcher.  I’ll watch anything, me – bird or beast.  It’s all part of getting to know my local area.

There are two chinese water deer in this picture. Can you spot them?

There are two chinese water deer in this picture. Can you spot them?

I went for my Sunday stroll this morning – not quite at dawn – I couldn’t get out of bed early enough.  Since the crops have grown up the Chinese Water Deer have taken to hiding in the middle of the fields, only their ears visible, like the periscope of a submarine.  CWD seem to prefer the middle of fields.  As a rule, if you see a small deer in a hedgerow it’s likely to be a muntjac; if it’s in the middle of the field it’s a CWD.

If the mammals were quiet today, then the birds were full of life.  It’s spring and they’re putting their heart and soul into defending territories and finding mates.  I spent an hour or so wandering around watching birds and listening to birdsong.  It seemed like every tree had it’s resident bird, sitting somewhere near the top and singing away for all they were worth.

Thrush

Thrush

Have you ever really listened to birdsong?  I’m mean really listened, not just been aware of it as background noise?  Here’s a challenge for everyone then.  Take a walk outside – in the countryside, in a wood or in a park – and listen to the different birds as you go.  Look at the trees and bushes they are calling from.  Find out how far they are away from each other.  Listen how they interact with each other.  I guarantee that if you pay attention then you’ll be amazed.

Chaffinch

Chaffinch

I’m trying to learn the songs of different birds at the moment, and it makes a real difference to get out and actually see the birds as they sing.  Today there were thrushes, robins, chaffinches, great tits, blue tits, a cuckoo (first one of the year for me) and – oddly – a peacock.  None of these are rare birds (the peacock was a bit unusual, I assume it was a pet in a garden), but being aware of them gave a whole new dimension to the walk.  I’d recommend it.

This morning was another first for me in birdwatching terms.  I saw a hawk being mobbed by crows.  I’ve heard of this happening but had never seen it before.  An aerial dogfight was played out before me, with the hawk and crows twisting and turning across the sky.  They were unfortunately too far away for me to identify the hawk, but impressive nonetheless.

So am I a birdwatcher?  Well, I can’t recognise many birds, and I don’t feel the urge to travel the country looking for rarities, but yes, I think I must be.

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This started off as a reply to a comment on my last post, but it got a bit long so I thought I’d convert it into a post of its own right.  It is an interesting subject, and this isn’t really a reply to the comment so much as the train of thought it triggered off in me.

I talked about trying to keep hidden from the badgers.  As Undergrowth commented,  I’m sure that the badgers are perfectly aware of my presence, even if it is just from coming across my scent as they forage in the wood.  I live in hope that one day they’ll get used to me being there!

And it would be perfectly possible to use food to get the badgers to accept me.  You can train animals to do just about anything with food.  The famous psychologist B. F. Skinner once trained a cat to play the piano.  Skinner trained animals to do all sorts of things – he created the world’s first guided missile using trained pigeons to home in on the target (thankfully never used, not least for the sake of the pigeons!)

I’ve seen how badgers make full use of available food resources, and I’m sure that regular feeding would get them literally eating out of my hand.  I know that many people feed badgers.  The extra food can be a real benefit to the badgers as well as providing some great views for the watchers.  When you think about it, it’s no different to feeding the birds, and I certainly do that.

But the problem is that once you start feeding animals, you lose the natural behaviour.  I’m not saying it’s wrong to feed them – lord knows we’ve messed around with our wildlife in far more serious ways – but I don’t want to go down that route.  I have put out some peanuts for the badgers in the past, but I’ve stopped doing it now.  I want to be able to see the badgers in their natural state.

In other words, I don’t want to just watch them, I want to understand them.  I want to understand what they do, and how they live.

This is also why I go to so much trouble to stay out of sight.  Even though the badgers are sure to know that I’ve been there, I still want to make as little impact as possible.  I don’t want the badgers to associate me with fear or danger.  If they come to associate my scent with someone crashing about the undergrowth or blundering into view, then they’ll learn to avoid me in the future.  I don’t want them to become friendly with me, just kind of neutral.

It sounds like a lot of trouble, but it means that ‘my’ badgers are truly wild.  What I see is as close to natural behaviour as possible.  That’s important for me.

As always, these are my own views.  I know that some people will disagree and that’s fine.  There are many situations where feeding badgers is a good thing for all concerned.  Just not for me any more and not at this sett.

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I’ve been busy laying a new floor this weekend, but I took a couple of hours off this evening to see what the badgers were up to.  In particular, I was keen to see if the cub (or maybe cubs) made another appearance.

A good breeze was blowing so I made for my usual tree.  At 8.05pm the fox wandered past.  It seems very regular in its habits, this fox.

By 8.25 it was getting dark and there were no badgers to be seen.  At this time last week there were at least five of them out and about, but for some reason tonight they were having a lie-in.  I don’t think it was my presence.  I’d arrived carefully and early, so I don’t think they could be aware of me.

Just before 8.30 a badger came out of the western entrance, stopped, scratched a couple of times and then went back underground.  I waited for a good while but it didn’t reappear.

I can take a hint.  This was obviously not going to be a great night of badger watching, so I climbed down the tree and headed for home.  Just as I touched the ground, however, the badger popped its head out of the sett again.  I was standing in full view not 30 feet away.  I was caught in the act!

But there were four things acting in my favour, and it was a good reminder how important they all are.

  • Firstly, and most importantly, the wind was in the right direction.  I was in exactly the right place to observe this sett, with the wind blowing from the badger to me.  My scent was therefore carried away behind me and not towards the badger.  Since smell is the most important sense for badgers I was effectively ‘off the radar’, so to speak.
  • Secondly, I stayed absolutely still.  Badgers do not have brilliant eyesight but they see movement pretty well.  By immediately freezing I reduced the chances of being seen significantly.
  • Thirdly, I was wearing dark, drab clothing (including my super high-tech camouflage jacket, wide-brimmed hat and camouflage gloves) so there was nothing to catch the badger’s attention.  Covering up the face and hands is so important but often overlooked.  Your hands in particular are very visible, especially as they are usually the part of you that moves the most as you lift up your binoculars or camera.  Dark gloves are essential, even on warm summer evenings.
  • Fourthly, I was standing with my back to the tree, so my silhouette was hidden.  In my dark clothes I blended into the background instead of standing out against it.

Because of all these factors I was able to stand there in full view of the badger yet remain effectively invisible (although it did feel horribly exposed to be on the ground – I’m like a fish out of water when I’m out of my tree!)

After a minute of two the badger was joined by another, and they sat there scratching merrily.  I crept away as slowly and as quietly as I could so as not to disturb them, and when I looked back they were still blissfully unaware of me.  I had got away with it.

At times I do feel that I get a little obsessive about not disturbing the badgers, but I really do believe that it is these little details that mean the difference between success and failure when watching wildlife.

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Having been out at the sett the other night I’ve got a rough idea of the time when the badgers come out.  This made it easy this evening to pop down for a quick look just at the time of dusk.  Of course, it is always a good idea when badger watching to arrive early.  It gives you a chance to arrive and get settled without disturbing the badgers, and if you arrive too late there’s always the danger of bumping into an early riser.

This evening was perfect, and the badgers emerged on cue at 8.15pm.  Three badgers came out of the tangle of bushes in the middle of the sett area and disappeared into a hole at the west end.  This hole has been enlarged in the last two days, and now has a very impressive spoil heap outside.  Busy badgers!

Then another badger appeared in the central area, followed quickly by another.  The second badger was undoubtedly a cub on one of its first trips outside.

I assume it was with its mother (I tend to regard all fairly slim badgers as female, on the flimsiest of evidence – nevertheless this one acted like a parent).  The cub was small, but not as small as some I’ve seen, and it was still unsteady on its feet.  It stayed very close to the sett entrance, with the mother keeping a close watch until she too wandered over to the other sett entrance, leaving the cub alone.  Thanks mum!  The cub took the hint and disappeared underground.

With all the badgers out of sight I took my chance and left.  I had no desire tonight to spend hours up a tree, nor to thrash my way home through a pitch-dark wood.  Not tonight, anyway.

So there we are.  The first cub of the year.  It is out quite early – last year I saw the first cub on April 21st.  I wonder how many brothers and sisters it has?  I wonder too what is happening at the sett, with at least two holes in very active use? There’s only one way to find out…keep watching!

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I’ve just come across badgerpics.org.uk, and a great site it is too.

John has got some truly excellent badger pictures in his gallery (they put my efforts to shame!) and he shares my fascination with badger watching.  It’s obvious that he’s spent some time inside a camouflage jacket staring intently at holes in the ground while being bitten by midges.  I can relate to that!

Overall it’s an excellent site, and well worth visiting for information on badgers and their habits, and a treasure trove of details on how to watch and photograph these elusive animals.

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Damp, still nights aren’t the best for badger watching.  The moist air carries your scent further, and since badgers rely heavily on their sense of smell there’s a greater chance of them detecting you.  Nevertheless, 7.30pm found me in my favourite tree.

It was good to be back again, to put on the camouflage jacket and assume my secret identity.  There’s something liberating about it.    I was the Badger Watching Man once more.  I imagine that Superman must feel the same way when he casts away Clark Kent and becomes himself again.

At 7.58pm a fox appeared from one of the holes in the middle area of the sett.  This is an interesting development.  I wonder if he’s taken up residence permanently?  I’ll see if this is a regular occurrence.

At 8.20pm the first badgers appeared.  Two adults ambled across from the eastern end of the sett, joined almost immediately by three others from what looks like a very active entrance on the west.

I am pleased to say that I still get a thrill from seeing badgers.  This is my fourth year of badger watching, but the sight of these big, bold beasts still impresses me.  The idea that such animals can exist almost under our noses is amazing.

In no time at all there were at least seven adult badgers outside the sett (badgers are notoriously difficult to count).  There were at least ten badgers last year, including cubs, so I’m curious to see how the number has changed.  This time of year is when the male badgers tend to leave the sett, so I’ll see if I can get a better idea of numbers and try and work out if this has happened.  I’ve got a better understanding of how badgers leave and join other setts since reading Hans Kruuk’s The Social Badger, so when I get a chance I’ll put a brief summary on here.

As well as the usual scratching and rolling round, I was treated to a view of badger sex.  At the risk of being labelled as some sort of wildlife peeping tom, I watched this with interest.  Badgers have a complex reproductive life, but the females are fertile very soon after cubs are born, and badgers can mate at any time of year.

Badger under my tree

Badger under my tree

By now it was getting dark, and I had badgers all around me.  It was still just possible to see them using binoculars (binoculars gather more light than the naked eye, hence you can often see more with them when the light is failing). I took my first ever picture of a badger using the flash on my camera.  I’ve never done this before for fear of spooking them, but after taking a few flash pictures in the pasture field in November without any serious impact on the badger, I decided to give it a go.  Luckily, the badger didn’t seem bothered.

The badgers were still snuffling around me quite happily, which put me in a dilemma.  My number one rule of badger watching is ‘don’t disturb the badgers’.  Unfortunately, if you’re up a tree with badgers all around, this means that you’re pretty much stuck there.  To climb down and appear in the middle of them would be very bad style.

By the time the snuffling and scuffling sounds had moved away it was pretty much dark.  If you’ve ever been in a rural wood on a dark and misty April night then you can imagine just how dark it gets.  Of course, it is just these occasions that make it a good idea to take a torch when badger watching.  I had one with me, but out of a perverse desire to avoid disturbance I didn’t use it.  Climbing down the tree by feel wasn’t elegant, but I got down in one piece.  Luckily I know these woods very well, but even so there were a few Blair Witch Project moments as I crept out, using my tracking stick in front of me like a blind man.

But that’s the joy of the whole thing.  To be out in a wood at night, with the deer barking and the tawny owls crying – I wouldn’t have missed it for anything.

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The Red Kite has been preying on my mind.

After my wife saw it, and after I saw it myself from my car, I just had to get a better view of it.  Like I said, it isn’t a great rarity, but it is unusual for this area, and for me that’s a good enough reason to try and track it down.  I resolved to get outside and find it.

I’ve got friends who live in the Chilterns who would be perplexed by this.  Over there the kites are almost as common as sparrows and it isn’t unusual to have ten or more in the sky at one time.

But as far as I know we’ve only got the one kite around here, and this makes it special.  So what are the chances of finding one individual bird?  I love a challenge so this is just the sort of thing I enjoy, and it gave me a perfect excuse to get out and about.  I was a naturalist on a mission!

Half past seven this morning saw me wandering the countryside, binoculars in hand.  I concentrated on the road where I saw the kite, and followed a big loop all around it.  The road itself is at the bottom of a broad, dry valley, so I followed the footpaths on either side of it.

Two hours and five miles later my breakfast was calling me, and I conceded defeat.  Perhaps looking for a single bird, one that could effortlessly cover a territory miles across, was a bit far-fetched after all.

But the idea wouldn’t go away.  By early evening I had finished what I needed to do around the house, so I grabbed the binoculars and headed out for a short walk.  It was a beautiful evening to be out, so it seemed a waste to be sitting indoors.

Half a mile or so from my house there is a large oak tree where you can sit and look out across the valley.  I sat and scanned the landscape slowly, and there, perched on a tree about 500 yards away, was a large bird of prey.  As I watched it slowly flapped off and glided into a patch of woodland.

I couldn’t see the shape of the wings or the tail as it was flying directly away from me, but it was a reddish brown colour with a distinctly pale head.  It was my Red Kite.  I had managed to find it.

The reintroduction of the Red Kite has been a phenomenal success story, and the rate at which they are spreading across the country means that they are likely to be commonplace here within a few years.  Nevertheless, I’ll always be able to think of the time when I tracked down the first Red Kite I saw in Bedfordshire.

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It’s been a beautiful spring day – warm and sunny.  It’s a great feeling after the cold winter we’ve had.  The daffodils and the blackthorn are blooming, the hazels and hawthorns are in bud, and the first butterflies are up and about.  There was even a skylark up in the clear blue sky, giving a wonderful summer feel to the day.

I decided that today would be the perfect day for my first badger watching session of the year.  It is still a little early, as the badgers will only be emerging just as it is getting dark, but I thought I’d give it a go and see.

It was good to be back in the wood again.  A small herd of fallow deer crossed the path a hundred yards or so ahead of me, and the buzzard was flying round the trees.  I can never tire of watching the buzzard when it does this; there is is something truly wild about seeing and hearing such an impressive bird of prey at close quarters.

The wind was blowing from the right direction for me to sit in my favourite tree.  The good thing about watching badgers at this time of year is that the undergrowth has not yet grown up to block the view, so I could see the whole sett from my perch.  It looked like a number of sett entrances were in regular use, and the paths and play areas looked well trodden.  The badgers have obviously been busy.

I sat in the tree from 6.30pm until just after 8.00, but sadly the badgers did not oblige.  I did not see so much as a whisker on a stripey nose.  I guess they are still emerging after dusk.

By 8.10pm it was getting too dark to see, even with binoculars, so I called it a night.  Even without the badgers it was good to get out again, to just sit in a tree in a wood and do nothing.  And besides, it shows that even after four years of watching badgers I still can’t guarantee anything.  I’ll try again in a week or so.

Note to self: even though it’s a warm day, and you’re too hot when walking, after the sun has gone down and you’ve been sitting still for an hour it gets bloody freezing.  Wear your waistcoat or an extra jumper next time!

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